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  Steel rails  are the main components of the track. The function of the rail is to guide the wheels of the locomotive vehicle forward, directly withstand various forces from the wheel and other aspects, and transmit it to the under-rail foundation and provide a continuous and smooth surface for the rolling of the wheel. Steel rail types Steel rail types are customarily expressed in kilograms (kg/m) of the mass per meter of rail. China's rail standard include 75kg/m, 60kg/m, 50kg/m, 43kg/m, 38kg/m, etc. in the international market, there are AREMA, BS, JIS, UIC, DIN and other standard rail. The type of rail should be adapted to the volume, allowable speed and axle weight. The selection of rail type should be considered based on the transport conditions. Technically, it is necessary to ensure sufficient strength, toughness, wear resistance and stability; economically, ensure a reasonable overhaul cycle and reduce the maintenance. The main factors for determining the mass (weight) of